Xmas; Task #2- Additional Book Reading/Bibliography

Task Two

Bibliography

Alia, V., & Bull, S. (2005). Media and Ethnic Minorities. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.

quote:

 “They manufacture minority criminal stereotypes” p.14

‘Fear of danger tends to strengthen the lines of division in a community’ p.14

‘Late 19th century, the link between ‘filth’ and ethnic minorities was already well established’ p.15

‘Over time various ethnic groups have been portrayed as filthy via the label of deviance. In the UK, this has frequently included African-Caribbean and Asian groups’ p.15

These quotes relate back to my question as it shows that the media has always negatively labelled ethnic minorities, as since the 'late 19th century' ethnic minorities such as 'african-caribbean and asian groups' was already established to be 'filth'. This reinforces views 

Cottle, S. (2000). Ethnic minorities and the media: changing cultural boundaries. Buckingham: Open University Press.

“Numerous studies have also observed the media’s use of stock stereotypes of black people as ‘troublemakers’, ‘entertainers’ and ‘dependent’” p. 195

Notting Hill race riots 1958 started by a group of white youths bating a mixed race couple, which suggest the label of blacks were created because, like Oswald Mosley, people wanted to ‘keep London white’. From this riot the Notting Hill carnival was created to unite West Indian migrants

Malik, S. (1998). Representing black Britain: black images on British television from 1936 to the present day.. SAGE, 2002: Open University Press.

http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=t7hkAAAAMAAJ&q=example#search_anchor

quote:

explanation:

"Ethnic minorities are continually misrepresented by racial (and racist) stereotypes)- Laughey, D. (2009). p. 78.

Throughout TopBoy it could be shown to be ‘misrepresented’ because the directors are white. However including a white young male to also get involved in crime shows that they are not only targeting blacks as criminals, which could argue they are not being misrepresented

 

“Media stereotyping occurs when the roles and behaviour on personal characteristics of a particular group are portrayed in a limited fashion” - Williams, K. (2003). p. 131.

In TopBoy they represent blacks in being criminals which is portraying them in a ‘limited fashion’ because it could be argued that not all black males and females include themselves in crime, through YouTube clips of young black people fighting against the stereotype of being criminals.

‘Stereotypes have a complex relationship to ‘reality’. While stereotypes may be partial, they are not necessarily false: they generally control a grain of the truth’- Calvert, B. Casey, B. Casey, N. French, L. Lewis, J. (2002). p. 168.

This quote shows the representations may not be false as TopBoy, the writer and producer is Ronan Bennett and the director Yann Demange, both not black, which could seem to show a bias view of black people from a white persons view. Yann Demange aimed ‘to give audiences an accurate portrayal of growing up in London.’ This showed how the reality is shown as he wanted to portray the realism through TopBoy and not exaggerate it as Ronan was helped by Antonio Olmos as he described his lifestyle in Hackney

Bennet, Peter. Slater, Jerry. Wall, Peter (2006) A2 media studies: the essential introduction: new York Routledge.

“The lack of positive role models and the way in which black minority characters are routinely stereotyped contribute of feels of low self-esteem and failure”. P. 79

This shows how people rely on the media to perpetuate certain ideologies to understand what is going on in the world.

“An individual cannot personally experience the vast majority of events in which they might be interested and thus must rely on their own mental maps in order to make sense of what is going on” page 130

The quote about suggests that stereotypes create self-fulfilling prophecy and loss of individualised which puts into perspective that when a group is being stereotyped.

“The stereotype as the "criminal black man", because people associate young black men with crime in

American culture. She writes that the black male is portrayed as a "symbolic pillager of all that is good” Russell-Brown, p. 84.

‘the Blacks’ did, that Britain was inherently homogenous and conflict-free before ‘the Blacks’ came”-Malik, S. (2002). p. 11

Alia, V., & Bull, S. (2005). Media and Ethnic Minorities. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.

Bateman, A., Bennett, P., Benyahia, S., & Wall, P. (2010). A2 Media Studies The Essential Introduction for WJEC.. New York: Taylor & Francis.

Casey, B. (2002). Television studies: the key concepts. London: Routledge.

Cottle, S. (2000). Ethnic minorities and the media: changing cultural boundaries. Buckingham: Open University Press.

Malik, S. (1998). Representing black Britain: black images on British television from 1936 to the present day.. SAGE, 2002: : Open University Press.

Williams, K. (2003). Understanding media theory. London: Arnold ;.